Reactions of metals and metal compounds with acids

1. Metals react with acid to form metal salts and hydrogen gas.

The general equation is:

Metal + acid --> metal salt + hydrogen gas.

example: Magnesium + sulfuric acid --> Magnesium sulfate + hydrogen gas


2. Metal hydroxides and metal oxides react with acids to from metal salts and water.

The general equation is:
Metal hydroxide + acid --> metal salt + water
or metal oxide

example: Lithium hydroxide + nitric acid --> lithium nitrate + water
Sodium oxide + hydrochloric acid --> sodium chloride + water


3. Metal carbonates react with acids to form metal salts and water and carbon dioxide gas.

The gerenal equation is:
Metal carbonate + acid --> metal salt + water + carbon dioxide gas.

example: Lead carbonate + sulfuric acid -->lead sulfate + water + carbon dioxide gas.